Chronic, severe back pain affects an estimated 8.2 percent of American adults, according to a 2019 CDC survey. For those who’ve exhausted conservative treatment options like physical therapy and medication, epidural injections for back pain and other spinal injection therapies offer a promising next step. At Summit Spine & Joint Centers, we specialize in providing advanced pain management techniques, including various types of spinal injections, to help our patients find relief and improve their quality of life.
What Is a Spinal Injection?
Spinal injections are minimally invasive procedures that deliver medication directly to the source of pain in the spine. These injections serve two primary purposes: diagnostic and therapeutic. As a diagnostic tool, they can help pinpoint the exact location of pain, while therapeutically, they can provide significant pain relief and reduce inflammation.
There are several types of spinal injections for back pain, each targeting a specific area and condition. The most common types include the following:
- Epidural steroid injections for back pain are perhaps the most well-known type of spinal injection. They deliver a combination of local anesthetic and corticosteroid medication into the epidural space, which surrounds the spinal cord and nerve roots. This treatment is effective for conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, and radiculopathy (pinched nerves). The steroids reduce inflammation and swelling around the affected nerves, while the anesthetic provides immediate pain relief.
- Facet joint injections target the small joints located between and behind each vertebra. These joints can become inflamed due to arthritis or injury, causing significant back pain. The injection contains a mixture of local anesthetic and steroid medication, which is delivered directly into the affected joint or the nerves that supply it. This procedure can provide both diagnostic information and therapeutic relief for patients suffering from facet joint pain.
- Sacroiliac (SI) joint injections address pain originating from the joint between the sacrum and ilium bones in the lower back and pelvis. SI joint dysfunction can cause lower back pain, buttock pain, and sometimes leg pain. The injection delivers medication directly into the joint, reducing inflammation and providing pain relief.
What is involved in a spinal injection?
A spinal injection delivers anti-inflammatory and anesthetic medication directly to the source of pain using image guidance, in a single outpatient visit that typically takes less than an hour. Patients are positioned comfortably, and the injection site is cleaned and numbed with a local anesthetic. Using fluoroscopic guidance (real-time X-ray) or ultrasound, the physician carefully guides the needle to the precise location. This imaging ensures accuracy and safety during the procedure.
While many patients experience immediate relief due to the local anesthetic, the full effects of the steroid medication may take a few days to manifest. The duration of pain relief can vary greatly among individuals, ranging from a few weeks to several months or even longer in some cases.
What to know if you’re considering a spinal injection
Patients considering spinal injections should have realistic expectations about the outcomes. While many experience significant pain relief and improved function, results can vary from person to person.
Some patients need only one injection for meaningful relief, while others require multiple injections or a combination of different injection types to achieve optimal results. Injection type and frequency depend on the diagnosis and how a patient responds to treatment, not a fixed protocol. While spinal injections can be highly effective, they are not a permanent cure for underlying spinal conditions. They are often used as part of a comprehensive pain treatment plan that may include physical therapy, exercise, and lifestyle modifications, and some patients benefit from periodic injections to maintain pain relief and functional improvement over time.
As with any medical procedure, spinal injections carry some risk, though serious complications are rare. Potential side effects may include temporary pain at the injection site, headaches, and in very rare cases, infection or bleeding.
Schedule Your Appointment to Find Pain Relief
At Summit Spine & Joint Centers, our experienced pain management specialists thoroughly evaluate each patient’s condition and medical history to ensure that spinal injections are a safe and appropriate treatment option. Call us at (844) 972-7752 to schedule an appointment at a Summit Spine & Joint Centers location near you or contact us online.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take for a spinal injection to work?
Most patients feel some relief within hours from the local anesthetic used during the injection. The anti-inflammatory steroid medication takes longer to take full effect, typically a few days, with relief building over the following weeks.
How many spinal injections can you have?
There’s no fixed number. Frequency depends on the specific diagnosis, how well earlier injections worked, and the treatment plan a physician recommends. Some patients need only one injection for lasting relief, while others benefit from periodic injections spaced months apart to maintain results.
Are spinal injections safe?
Spinal injections are considered safe when performed by an experienced physician using image guidance. Serious complications are rare. The most common side effects are temporary soreness at the injection site and mild headache, with infection or bleeding occurring only rarely.
What's the difference between epidural and facet joint injections?
Epidural steroid injections deliver medication into the epidural space around the spinal cord and nerve roots, most often for herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or pinched nerves. Facet joint injections target the small joints between vertebrae, most often for arthritis-related back pain in those joints. Both use a similar combination of anesthetic and steroid medication, aimed at different structures depending on where the pain originates.

