When a child says their stomach hurts almost every day, or a teenager stops showing up for practice because their back won’t let up, it’s easy to assume it will pass. Often it does. But for a real number of young patients, the pain doesn’t resolve on its own, and it can go unrecognized for months.
Chronic pain in children is real; it’s more common than most people expect, and it’s treatable. Kids and teens experience the same lasting pain conditions adults do, just filtered through a smaller vocabulary for describing what hurts in a body that’s still developing. Research puts the number at roughly 1 in 5 children and adolescents who experience chronic pain, according to a 2024 meta-analysis. Recognizing it early, rather than writing it off as a phase, is the first step toward helping your child find relief.
Common Types of Chronic Pain in Children and Teens
- Chronic pain in kids doesn’t always show up as one clear, describable injury. It tends to fall into a few recognizable patterns, and a child can have more than one at once.
- Musculoskeletal pain. Discomfort centered in the muscles, joints, or bones, often tied to growth, overuse, or an old injury that never fully healed.
- Neuropathic pain. Pain caused by irritated or damaged nerves, often described as burning, tingling, or shooting rather than a dull ache.
- Amplified Musculoskeletal Pain Syndrome (AMPS). Pain that’s out of proportion to any visible injury or test result, more common in older children and teens, and often linked to how the nervous system is processing pain signals.
- Chronic headaches and migraines. Recurring headaches that go well beyond an occasional bad day and start to interfere with school or sleep.
When To See a Specialist
Most short-term aches resolve within a couple of weeks. Back pain in children and adolescents that lingers past that window, keeps coming back after rest, or starts limiting school, sports, or sleep is a signal to move past home care and get a pain-focused evaluation. The same goes for pain your child can’t tie to any injury, or pain a pediatrician has already looked at without finding a clear cause.
Why Is Chronic Pain Hard To Diagnose in Children?
Younger children especially may not have the words to describe where pain is coming from or how bad it is, and older kids will sometimes downplay pain out of fear or a desire to seem normal around friends. Providers can default to a growing-pains explanation for the same reason parents do: it’s the most common reason.
Back pain in children is a good example of how this plays out in practice. Imaging and standard tests don’t always show a clear cause, even when the pain is completely real, which means diagnosis depends on a careful history and consistent tracking over time rather than a single scan. Tools like the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, which pairs faces, numbers, and words so a child can point to what they’re feeling, help bridge that gap for patients who don’t yet have the vocabulary to describe pain in clinical terms.
What Does Treatment for Chronic Pain in Children Look Like?
There’s no single standard path for treating chronic pain in children. The right plan depends on the child’s age, the type of pain involved, and what’s realistic for a family managing school, schedules, and day-to-day life around it:
- Pharmacological Treatment: Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen and ibuprofen are usually the first line of treatment. For severe cases, stronger prescription medication may be prescribed with caution due to the potential for addiction and other side effects.
- Physical Therapy: Physical therapy aims at improving mobility and strength, which can subsequently alleviate pain. It’s particularly effective for musculoskeletal and post-injury pain.
- Psychological Interventions: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in helping children manage the emotional aspects of pain. Mindfulness techniques and biofeedback are also gaining traction.
- Interventional Pain Management: A medical specialty typically involving a pain management clinic that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pain conditions using minimally invasive procedures and techniques like RFA, discography, and epidural injections. It aims to alleviate pain and improve a patient’s quality of life by targeting the source of pain and promoting functional recovery.
- Multidisciplinary Programs: For conditions like AMPS, a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach involving physical therapists, psychologists, and medical specialists is often the most effective treatment plan.
The Importance of Family Support
Treatment works better when the whole family is involved. Parents who validate a child’s pain, rather than questioning whether it’s real, tend to see better outcomes. Staying consistent with therapy, medication schedules, and follow-up appointments matters as much as the treatment plan itself.
Schedule a Pediatric Pain Consultation
If your child or teen has been living with pain that doesn’t add up to a simple explanation, a pediatric pain consultation at Summit Spine & Joint Centers is the best next step. We’ll build an individual plan based on your child’s needs. Call (844) 972-7752 or request an appointment online to schedule a pediatric pain consultation. Serving patients at locations in Georgia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and South Carolina.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are signs my child's pain isn't normal growing pains?
Growing pains typically show up in the evening, affect both legs, and ease with gentle massage or by morning. Pain that’s one-sided, keeps a child from playing or attending school, wakes them at night, or comes with swelling, fever, or unexplained weight loss doesn’t fit that pattern and is worth a closer look.
What treatments are safe for chronic pain in children?
Pediatric pain treatment starts with the least invasive options, including physical therapy, activity pacing, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Medication and interventional options are added only when needed, and every plan should come from a provider experienced in treating children rather than a scaled-down adult protocol.
When should I take my teen to a pain specialist?
If pain has lasted more than a few weeks, keeps returning after normal recovery time, or is starting to affect school, sleep, or activities your teen used to enjoy, it’s time to bring in a specialist rather than wait it out. A pediatric pain evaluation can also help when a primary care visit hasn’t turned up a clear explanation.
